Cover reporter Qiu Tian
Within a month of the end of the National Day holiday, due to the “freezing” of daily routines and diets, the admissions for a disease increased by about 30%. Among them, the disease is still more prevalent in young people.
It is – gallstones.
Why do gallstones grow? Should gallstones be operated on? Can you still eat and drink happily after having your gallbladder removed?
…
The above “soul questions” were answered at one time by the general surgery, hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery team of Chengdu Third People’s Hospital.
Why do you get gallstones?
First of all, we need to know that there are many people with gallstones in the world. Nearly 20 out of 100 people have gallstones, so the reasons are very complicated. Its etiology is mainly related to race, genes, diet, and living habits.
1. In terms of ethnicity, Hispanic populations have a relatively high risk of gallstones, while African populations rarely have gallstones. Our Asian population is in the middle, 5-15%.
2. Let’s talk about genes. At present, relevant experts have detected 25 stone-causing genes, which means that if these 25 genes in your body are mutated, then you have a higher chance of getting stones.
3. The clear external causes of gallstone formation include: high-calorie diet, irregular diet, diabetes, obesity, lack of exercise, drugs (such as estrogen, progesterone, etc.)… There is a table below, which individuals can compare to take a look.
4. In addition, with the increase of age, the chances of getting gallstones will be more. In our country, the age of 50-60 is a peak, and women have a higher chance of getting stones.
How to prevent gallstones?
In addition to the racial and genetic issues mentioned above, for the prevention of gallstones, we can start with exogenous factors.
For example, develop good eating habits. Do not have hot pot or barbecue every day, but match fruits and vegetables, and have regular meal times.
Some people say, then I’ll be a strict vegetarian, and I won’t have gallstones if I don’t touch any meat? Focus: There is no evidence to support it at present, the important thing is balanced nutrition!
In addition, we need to exercise in moderation and not let ourselves get too fat .
I have “stomach pain”, why do I suspect gallstones?
First of all, we have to find out if it is really stomach pain.
Many people think that the pain in the “heart socket” is a stomachache. In fact, the pain in the “heart socket” may only be stimulated by one of our organs, because one of the characteristics of our internal organs pain is the inaccurate positioning.
However, our gallbladder pain actually has some characteristics – including “heart” pain or right upper quadrant pain or vague discomfort, some people still feel uncomfortable in the vest; the pain may heal on its own after a while, some people It is more likely to occur at night, and some people always have attacks when they eat two pieces of meat or have a hot pot.
If you have these symptoms, you should be alert to a problem with your gallbladder and go to the doctor immediately.
Do I have to cut my gallbladder if I have gallstones?
of course not!
Most people have stones found in routine physical examinations, and our gallbladder is usually functional, so it is also indicated that we must not cut the gallbladder.
The first is to see if there are symptoms of gallbladder stones: this symptom is whether there is pain in the gallbladder, whether it is heart pain or back pain, as long as it is clear that it is caused by gallbladder inflammation or even cholangitis, these are called symptomatic gallstones, then Surgery is recommended.
Is there no need for surgery if you don’t have symptoms? No, if your gallbladder is shrunk, porcelainized, or even develops gallbladder polyps at the same time, then surgery is also required, otherwise it is easy to become cancerous.
For those gallbladder stones that the doctor said to be temporarily observed: annual physical examination can be reviewed, if the stone has been quiet, surgery can also be avoided.
Can you choose gravel wow?
cannot!
Gallstones are not uroliths, they are not broken if you want, nor can you be expelled if you want. Therefore, don’t buy some medicines and eat “stone removal” at ordinary times, you will regret it if you have a big problem.
Want to protect the gallbladder and take the stone?
As for this, Moffa answered yes or no. After all, experts have always had a lot of controversy about this, and it depends on the “stone”.
In the early days, our gallbladder-preserving lithotripsy refers to cutting a small incision in the gallbladder, taking out the stone inside, and then suturing the incision. However, it was later found that many patients who underwent this kind of gallbladder-preserving lithotomy would grow stones again, and This type of people has a higher chance of developing gallbladder cancer, so the later expert guidelines clearly put forward “against the implementation of “gallbladder-saving surgery” for benign diseases of the gallbladder.
However, with the development of endoscopic technology in recent years, some advanced equipment including Spyglass etc., for some stones that have a chance to be saved, experts recommend removing them through these advanced mirrors (no need to open an opening on the gallbladder) , can also keep the gallbladder, but this type of stone selection is more strict, be sure to consult a specialist.
The stone is very small, and it can’t be “dissolved” by taking some medicine?
Most people’s gallbladder stones are cholesterol stones, and some people are bile pigment stones or mixed types.
At present, there is no effective drug that can “melt” stones, no matter how big. Only some people may only prompt cholesterol deposition, and there may be opportunities to “kill” it by affecting cholesterol metabolism, etc., but be sure to consult a specialist.
The stone never hurts, can you just leave it alone?
Painful stones are not good stones, but not all painless stones are good.
Therefore , annual review is necessary. If it is found that the gallbladder is filled with gallbladder, the gallbladder wall is thickened, the gallbladder polyp is combined, or the gallbladder is atrophied, it should be removed as soon as possible even if it is not painful.
Will the gallbladder be removed to affect the future life?
Here we will mention the function of our gallbladder. At present, it is believed that the gallbladder has ten functions such as storage, concentration of bile, absorption, secretion, and regulation. It mainly stores and concentrates bile, which also has a certain effect on our digestion.
Therefore, some people (about 20-40%) have gastrointestinal symptoms after gallbladder removal. The most common is diarrhea, especially steatorrhea, which takes some time to adapt. But if the gallbladder is already in a diseased state, such as full of stones, there is a high risk of cancer, and the gallbladder is still forcibly retained, then the gain is not worth the loss.
Can you eat eggs and meat after cutting? We all answered yes, but in the short term, it is recommended to avoid high-fat, fried, spicy and greasy foods, to have a balanced, nutritious and healthy diet, and eat more vegetables and fruits (actually Above, it should be like this if you don’t cut the gallbladder).
How big is the gallbladder surgery? Can I stand it?
At present, more than 95% of cholecystectomy operations are minimally invasive, with few complications, but it does not mean no, and the mortality rate is less, but it does not mean no, and it is a general anesthesia operation.
Therefore, surgical safety is still a must!
Preoperative cardiopulmonary function evaluation is still essential!
If you can’t stand it, you still have to wait for the results of the evaluation.